Abraham Lincoln Quotes Everyone Should Know

Abraham Lincolns quotations have become a part of American life, and for good reason. During years of experience as a courtroom advocate and political stump speaker, the Rail Splitter developed a remarkable knack for saying things in a memorable way. In his own time, Lincoln was often quoted by admirers. And in modern times, Lincoln quotes are often cited to prove one point or another. All too often the circulating Lincoln quotes turn out to be bogus. The history of fake Lincoln quotes is long, and it seems that people, for at least a century, have tried to win arguments by citing something supposedly said by Lincoln. Despite the endless cascade of fake Lincoln quotes, its possible to verify a number of brilliant things Lincoln actually did say. Here is a list of particularly good ones: Ten Lincoln Quotes Everyone Should Know 1.  A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free. Source: Lincolns speech to the Republican State Convention in Springfield, Illinois on June 16, 1858. Lincoln was running for U.S. Senate, and was expressing his differences with Senator Stephen Douglas, who often defended the institution of slavery. 2.  We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection. Source: Lincolns first inaugural address, March 4, 1861. Though the slave states had been seceding from the Union, Lincoln expressed a wish that the  Civil War would not begin. The war did break out the next month. 3.  With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in. Source: Lincolns second inaugural address, which was given on March 4, 1865, as the Civil War was coming to an end. Lincoln was referring to the imminent job of putting the Union back together after years of very bloody and costly warfare. 4. It is not best to swap horses while crossing the river. Source: Lincoln was addressing a political gathering on June 9, 1864 while expressing his wish to run for a second term. The comment is actually based on a joke of the time, about a man crossing a river whose horse is sinking and is offered a better horse but says it isnt the time to be changing horses. The comment attributed to Lincoln has been used many times since in political campaigns. 5. If McClellan is not using the army, I should like to borrow it for a while. Source: Lincoln made this comment on April 9, 1862 to express his frustration with General George B. McClellan, who was commanding the Army of the Potomac and was always very slow to attack. 6. Fourscore and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Source: The famous opening of the Gettysburg Address, delivered November 19, 1863. 7. I cant spare this man, he fights. Source: According to Pennsylvania politician Alexander McClure, Lincoln said this regarding General Ulysses S. Grant after the Battle of Shiloh in the spring of 1862. McClure had advocated removing Grant from command, and the quote was Lincolns way of disagreeing strongly with McClure. 8. My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or destroy slavery. If I could save the Union without freeing any slave, I would do it; if I could save it by freeing all the slaves, I would do it; and if I could do it by freeing some and leaving others alone, I would also do that. Source: A reply to editor Horace Greeley published in Greeleys newspaper, the New York Tribune, on August 19, 1862. Greeley had criticized Lincoln for moving too slowly in bringing an end to slavery. Lincoln resented pressure from Greeley, and from abolitionists, though he was already working on what would become the Emancipation Proclamation. 9. Let us have faith that right makes might, and in that faith, let us, to the end, dare to do our duty as we understand it. Source: The conclusion of Lincolns speech at Cooper Union in New York City on February 27, 1860. The speech received extensive coverage in the New York City newspapers and instantly made Lincoln, a virtual outsider to that point, a credible candidate for the Republican nomination for president in the election of 1860. 10. I have been driven many times upon my knees by the overwhelming conviction that I had nowhere else to go. My own wisdom and that of all about me seemed insufficient for that day. Source: According to journalist and Lincoln friend Noah Brooks, Lincoln said the pressures of the presidency and the Civil War had prompted him to pray on many occasions.

Physical And Behavioral Changes Of A Child s Temperament,...

Quetext About Widget FAQ Contact Nature refers to â€Å"traits, abilities, and capacities that are inherited from one’s parents†. For instance, having blue or brown eyes, blonde or dark brown hair, and even athletic performance. In human development, nature is actively in control of the growth of an individual from the moment the embryo becomes a fetus continuing until adulthood. During a process known as maturation, genes and tendencies not evident upon birth develop gradually. Among the many physical and behavioral changes during this process, the most apparent are facial hair in boys and breast development in girls. In order for maturation to take place, a sustainable environment, proper nutrition, and supportive care from others is essential. In addition, children’s temperament, which refers to their distinctive ways of reacting to emotional events, novel stimuli, and their own impulses is partially affected by their own genetic makeup. Therefore, whether one is an introvert or an extrovert has some genetic say. On the other hand, mental health conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression have been proven to influence nature. According to statistical records, bipolar disorder is four to six times more likely to develop when there is a family history of the condition. Moreover, alcohol addiction has been shown in studies that it can reoccur in families and that certain genes may have an impact over the way alcohol tastes and the way it affects theShow MoreRelatedDown Syndrome As A Cognitive Disorder Essay1315 Words   |  6 Pagesdisorder to the general public and children with this syndrome form one of the most readily identifiable groups of children with moderate to severe learning difficulties. 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Cherokee Removal Free Essays

The Cherokee people were forced out of their land because of the settler’s greed for everything and anything the land had to offer. Many Cherokee even embraced the â€Å"civilization program,† abandoning their own beliefs so that they may be accepted by white settlers. Unfortunately for the Cherokee though, the settlers would never accept them as an equal citizen. We will write a custom essay sample on Cherokee Removal or any similar topic only for you Order Now A quote from historian Richard White says it very well, â€Å"The Cherokee are probably the most tragic instance of what could have succeeded in American Indian policy and didn’t. All these things that Americans would proudly see as the hallmarks of civilization are going to the West by Indian people. They do everything they were asked except one thing. What the Cherokees ultimately are, they may be Christian, they may be literate, they may have a government like ours, but ultimately they are Indian. And in the end, being Indian is what killed them. † The Treaty of Hopewell was set up in 1785 and was made with all the good intentions, but nobody to enforce the rules. It was set up to start setting up friendly relations with the Cherokee, but also to define the Cherokee borders. It gave the Cherokees the right to expel of any unwanted person that was on their land. Even with this treaty though people of both Georgia and North Carolina moved onto the Cherokees land, taking as they pleased. This caused there to be battles between settlers and Cherokee. There was a big racial issue when it came to battles though. Whenever the settlers would win a battle it was called an Indian war, but when the Indians would win, it was called a massacre. Henry Knox soon stepped into the picture and he came believing that it was inevitable that both â€Å"civilized† and â€Å"uncivilized† peoples should fight so much. In order to ratify this he implemented a â€Å"civilization program. † As a part of this program, in order to be considered â€Å"civilized† one had to dress, think, act, speak, work, and worship the same way. Knox felt the Cherokee just needed some time to learn these ways. Knox set up the Treat of Holston in 1791 where it stated, â€Å"That the Cherokee nation may be let to a greater degree of civilization, and to become herdsmen and cultivators, instead of remaining in a state of hunters, the United States will, from time to time, furnish a gratuitously the said nation with useful implements of husbandry. For the Cherokee this meant leaving many of their traditions behind and embracing the American way of life in order to keep their land. In order to be â€Å"civilized† Cherokee men had to cease hunting and attend to either the fields of herd livestock. This was due to the view by the settlers that the Cherokee men were lazy because the settlers viewed huntin g as fun and a sport. Because many felt that working in the fields was something that is a woman’s job many turned to herding livestock as an alternative. Cherokee women were told that they could no longer work in the fields but should work in the household as a subservient. Many of the Cherokee had a hard time with this as well because they felt that the women settlers were lazy and they did not want their women to be the same way. Soon though many Cherokee women began working in the household, cooking, cleaning, or sewing. The main way Cherokees could be considered â€Å"civilized† was to accept Christianity. The U. S. government sent missionaries into Indian Territory to build schools. At these schools though they not only taught literature, math, and English, but they also taught young Cherokees how to read using the Bible and also taught them how to pray. Many Cherokees ended up accepting Christianity with a select few not willing, but that was no different than how many white settlers were. Due to the â€Å"civilization program† many Cherokees became extremely wealthy and even ended up purchasing slaves to do field work. These Cherokee men became key political leaders for the Cherokee nation. They would end up writing and applying their very own â€Å"Constitution of the Cherokee Nation† which was made very similar to out very own constitution. The main concern for most of the Cherokee was land and due to that it was the first thing to be outlined in the Cherokee Constitution. In Article 1-Section 1 it states the boundaries they now posses because of the treaties made with the U. S. and also states that those boundaries shall forever be their land. Cherokees made another important law about the selling of land as well in order to keep their borders, â€Å"The Cherokee Nation Council advised the United States that it would refuse future cession requests and enacted a law prohibiting the sale of national land upon penalty of death. † Even with these laws in place a small group of Cherokee set out against the rest of the Nation. Major Ridge, John Ridge, and Elias Boudinot, signed a removal treat at the Cherokee capital of New Echota without the authority of Principal Chief John Ross or the Cherokee government. The Treaty of New Echota required the Cherokee Nation to exchange its national lands for a parcel in the â€Å"Indian Territory† set aside by Congress, in what is now Oklahoma, in 1834 and to relocate there within two years. The federal government promised to remit $5 million to the Cherokee Nation, compensate individuals for their buildings and fixtures, and pay for the costs of relocation and acclimation. The United States also promised to honor the title of the Cherokee Nation’s new land, respect its political autonomy, and protect its tribe from future trespasses. Even though it was completed without the sanction of the Cherokee national government, the U. S. Senate ratified the treaty by a margin of one vote. Presidential Chief John Ross tried to prove that it was done without majority consent by getting 16,000 Cherokees to sign a document against the treaty. Ross tried to fight against the treaty till 1838, when the U. S. army was sent into the Cherokee Nation. In October, the Cherokees were herded into wooden stockades with no food, water, blankets, or sanitation. Most of them were barefoot and had no coats or blankets, yet they were forced to cross-rivers in sub-zero weather. There was about 22,000 Cherokees that were forced out of their homes on the Trail of Tears and a total of about 5,500 died along the way of exposure, starvation, and disease. A guard wrote, â€Å"I fought through the War (Civil War), and I saw men shot to pieces and slaughtered by the thousands, but the Cherokee Removal was the cruelest work I ever knew. † Despite everything the Cherokees did†¦changing all of their traditions, trying to negotiate, and finally trying to protect themselves with laws†¦it did not matter. All the settlers wanted from the beginning was to manipulate and take every bit of land they could from the Cherokee. The Cherokee followed the â€Å"civilization program† and settlers only thought that, no matter what; an Indian could never be â€Å"civilized. † As the historian Richard White put at the beginning, â€Å"And in the end, being Indian is what killed them. † How to cite Cherokee Removal, Papers

Chain Analysis of Qantas Airways and Airbus -Samples for Students

Question: Identify two Organisations in an Industry of your choice. These Organisations must have clearly different value chain designs and structures. Answer: Introduction: The study has been able to consider report based on two organisations namely Airbus and Qantas Airways. The Airbus is identified for being the pioneer in the aerospace industry. It is recognised for its relevant contribution in the manufacturing and designing of aero space products. It has been further seen to be the leader for being the largest space and aeronautics organization in Europe and globally (Airbusgroup. 2017). Qantas Airways is identified as the flagship carrier of the international destinations and international flight. The company has been further seen to be operational from 1920. Some of the various types of the brands seen to be operating under Qantas has been identified with Jetconnect and Jetstar. The main aspects of the study have been able to discuss on the various types of the studies which are related to analyse the customer benefit package and value chain of both the companies (Qantas.com. 2017). Findings: The full analysis of the companies has been able to show the different consideration which are related to the customer benefits for the individual organisation. In addition to this the study further aims to design the various other aspects of the advantages and disadvantages of the value chain analysis. Customer Benefits Package: The main considerations under the customer benefit package have been able to state about the Tangible and intangible services of the company. This is further seen to be considered as sub section under operations management(Chagomoka, Afari-Sefab and Pitoroc 2014). The different types of the results associated to the study have been able to state on the relevant issues for satisfaction index. The customer loyalty factor and the appreciation factor has been further seen to be considered on the different types of parameters which are seen to be associated to the gain business and remain in the service due to recession and thee changes in the economy. In different countries other than Australia, Airbus customers have been seen to be most satisfied in nature. It has been further seen that the company has been able to launch the store cards for accessing of the customers and this consists of the additional cards, automatic rewards and considerations for the supplies based on the Singapore Airlines, Emirates, and Qantas. With reference to Airbus the services are mainly seen to be self served along with the protection of lost cards. This has been mainly seen due to the convenience of the company and the customers to arrange the payment of the electric ity, payment and purchases (Vieira et al. 2013). Qantas Airways is seen to make considerable contribution in the economy of Australia and it has been seen that the customers are seen to gain a huge advantage for the same. The company supplying the different provisions for the economy has been able to show the different types of the consideration which are based on the supplying the various types of the provisions for economy flight fares to the customers has been further seen with special facilities (Miller and Mork 2013). Value Chain Design: The main considerations in the value chian designing have considered important aspects of internal activities of a particular firm. The main considerations made in the value chain analysis have been further able to show the emphasis on providing best service and supplies to its customers. Figure 1: Value Chain overview of Airbus (Source: Fujitsu.com. (2017) Figure 2: Airbus Supply Chain Process (Source: Airtn.eu. 2017) In general the various activities of the Airbus value chain activities have been seen to be based on the various types of the considerations for providing a convenient customer experience. The main functions of the value chain activities and value creation are shown below as follows: In-bound logistics Airbus has been seen with a responsible role for the production of the various types the factors which are seen to be associated to controlling the network for distribution of the products (Figueirdo Junior, Meuwissen and Oude Lansink 2014). Procurement and logistics: The main types of the stringent laws related to the company has been seen to be associated to focus on the reduction off the overall problems which are seen to be related to the blemish of the produce (Gereffi and Fernandez-Stark 2016). Qantas Airways has been able to take into consideration the various aspects of the factors which are seen to be related to the cost efficiencies and the overall implementation of the flexible opportunities. In general the demands of the customers of the Qantas Airways have an increased level of latent capacity (Bell 2013). Figure 3: Value Chain analysis of Qantas Airways Source: (Aircraftit.com. 2017) The significant level of the value chain has been seen to be based on the various types of the factors which are seen to be associated to the onshore projects and implemented on the basis of improved level of safety and technological aspects. Advantages: The most noted advantages have been started below as follows: The flexible strategic tool for business visions Helps to resolve the existing issues in the existing organization Assists in the SWOT analysis process Paves the way for possible industry value chain Disadvantages: In general the business needs to adapt to the various types of the flexibility for the designed business Only few excerpts has been able to be familiar with the overall value chain process The understanding associated to the strategic understanding has been seen to be minimised considerably In several cases the structure of the business information has not been maintained Analysis: Strategy and Strategic Vision: The implementation of the main strategy of Airbus has been listed below: Bringing development as a single team Stores refreshment Cohesive brand promotion Process enhancement and cost cutting Update product offering The concerned process of corporate planning for Qantas Airways has been listed with the principles as follows: Board ownership as per the strategic priorities and overview Promptly engaging with the policies along with the marketing functions and appraisals Alignment of consistent business formed with the corporate plan Framing of Long-term and short-term strategy Improving the overall robustness in the business and the various types of the long and short term events Competitive priorities: The main competitors of Airbus have been identified with Boeing, Bombardier, Mitsubishi, COMAC, Embraer and Irkut. In addition to this, despite of recessionary pressure the competition of Airbus did not have any impact on the image of the company. The important source of the competitive advantage of the company has been seen to be based on the various types of benefits. The important importance has been further seen to be given on the cost reduction programs which has been followed based on the main investment and the customer service program along with the reduction in capital expenditure (Vieira et al. 2013). Recommendations: In different types of the matter associated to the manufacturing process for the Airbus, has been considered based on the installation and manufacturing process of A380s electrical system and minimising of the cash flow of the company. The main focus of the company has been given to the customers. Airbus needs to make the relevant improvement based on the loyalty aspects. Furthermore, the relevant emphasis of the production of the facilities should be given along with the various other services. The reduction in the ticket price should be give along with increased facilities of customer loyalty. The main strategy has been further seen to be based on the increasing the number of customers and profit margin. The dealership of this has been further seen to be associated to the various types to the enhancement program which is associated to the minimizing cost and building ties (De Souza and DAgosto 2013). Conclusion: The general aspects of the companies have shown how they are able to fight the competitive scenario globally. The individual companies may own the services and employees, along with several types of special facilities and the collaboration aspect with the customers. The consumer goods price and the various types of the consumer level has been seen to be considered to compete with global dominance. In case of Airbus it can be inferred that the company has been able to consider the important aspect based on the position in terms of maintaining the suppliers. This has not been considered based on the positioning of the company in Australia. Despite of the aforementioned fact the organization has been associated with the various types of the problems, including increasing debt and to manage the competitive advantage due to the various types of the factors related to the market scale and operations. As Airbus has been seen to be the leader in economic flight fares and the various fares of the flight along with the subsidiaries under Qantas Airways and working on the developing the way to share the various aspects of the knowledge. The continuous process optimisation aspect of the company has been seen to enhance the safety of the people. References Airbus. (2017).Challenges and achievements (2006-2009) | Airbus, Commercial Aircraft. [online] Available at: https://www.aircraft.airbus.com/company/history/the-narrative/challenges-and-achievements-2006-2009/ [Accessed 8 Aug. 2017]. Airbusgroup. (2017).About Airbus. [online] Available at: https://company.airbus.com/company/about-airbus.html [Accessed 8 Aug. 2017]. Aircraftit.com. (2017). [online] Available at: https://www.aircraftit.com/Uploads/ContentPages/CMS/Images/qantas%20business%20management%20system.png [Accessed 8 Aug. 2017]. Airtn.eu. (2017). [online] Available at: https://airtn.eu/wp-content/uploads/airtn-airbus-new-energies-presentation.pdf [Accessed 8 Aug. 2017]. Bell, L. G. (2013) Value Chain Analysis for Policy Making: Methodological Guidelines and country cases for a Quantitative Approach, EASYPol Series. Available at: https://www.fao.org/docs/up/easypol/935/value_chain_analysis_fao_vca_software_tool_methodological_guidelines_129en.pdf%5Cnhttps://www.fao.org/easypol/output/browse_by_training_path.asp?pub_id=336id_elem=336id=336id_cat=336. Chagomoka, T., Afari-Sefab, V. and Pitoroc, R. (2014) Value chain analysis of traditional vegetables from Malawi and Mozambique, International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 17(4), pp. 5986. doi: 10.5897/AJB10.2357. Figueirdo Junior, H. S., Meuwissen, M. P. M. and Oude Lansink, a. G. J. M. (2014) Integrating structure, conduct and performance into value chain analysis, Journal on Chain and Network Science, 14(1), pp. 2130. doi: 10.3920/JCNS2014.0231. Fujitsu.com. (2017).Visualizing the Value Chain [Airbus S.A.S.] : Fujitsu United States. [online] Available at: https://www.fujitsu.com/us/vision/customerstories/airbus/ [Accessed 8 Aug. 2017]. Gereffi, G. and Fernandez-Stark, K. (2016) Global Value Chain Analysis: A Primer, Duke CGGC (Center on Globalization, Governance Competitiveness), (July), pp. 134. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/10161/12488. Miller, H. G. and Mork, P. (2013) From data to decisions: A value chain for big data, IT Professional, 15(1), pp. 5759. doi: 10.1109/MITP.2013.11. De Souza, C. D. R. and DAgosto, M. D. A. (2013) Value chain analysis applied to the scrap tire reverse logistics chain: An applied study of co-processing in the cement industry, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 78, pp. 1525. doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.06.007. Vieira, L. M., De Barcellos, M. D., Hoppe, A. and Bitencourt da Silva, S. (2013) An analysis of value in an organic food supply chain, British Food Journal, 115(10), pp. 14541472. doi: 10.1108/BFJ-06-2011-0160.

Population Growth and the Distribution of Human Populations to Effects on the Environment

The Fire and EMS Training

The Fire and EMS Training Introduction There are various ways in which technology can affect the Fire and EMS training in the next ten years. There will be need for more training facilities for training of students who would like to become fire and EMS graduates.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Fire and EMS Training specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This will be done to meet the stringent national standards for Fire and EMS education going into effect in ten years to come. The training will require experienced fire and EMS experts who have knowledge on the advanced use of the Internet tools. This will be used in training the graduates in order to fit in the new and advanced technologies (Thomas, pg. 9). Again, advanced equipment for training will be required, and this will raise the cost of training. Technology in fire administration Agencies leverage technology to deliver training by providing opportunities for the EMS graduates to gain e xperience. First, for agencies to deliver training, they should leverage training by tracking hazards, management of disasters, and emergency cases found. Secondly, there is the identification of hazards, knowing the needs of the population agency, obtaining information on building assessment, and assessing the interface of wild land and urban centers. Thirdly, the agencies should be involved in handling of administrative issues like research, supervision and relations of labor, and management in terms fire and EMS. This will assist the agencies to survey long term ability so as to be able to support change efforts. In addition, the agencies should preplan and conduct inspections that relate to fire. They should have location trackers to facilitate their operations (Thomas, pg. 5).Advertising Looking for essay on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Again, the agencies can leverage technology throug h total evaluation of courses for the training; keeping records of all training sessions, making use of computer based learning facilities and good management of the training programs used in training. Also, leveraging of technology can be achieved through implementation and use of emergency communication systems, coming up with stations locations and analysis of post incident, meshing of network and analysis of deployment with fire and EMS training departments. Finally, for the agencies to achieve the leveraging of technology in order to deliver training there should be good management of funds within the training departments, tracking of inventory assets and conducing of meetings which enhance the training provision and improvement of training courses(Thomas, pg. 8). Research should also be conducted on intra and interoperability, and analyzing of the records of participation in the training of fire and EMS training. Conclusion The future of EMS is based on the availability of suf ficient and competent agencies as well as advanced training equipment and facilities. Besides the science of what the experts in fire and EMS training do, the curriculum for the overall training will require more time in the future than the usual time. Interoperability will have been improved as a means of improving the overall training. This will ease the communication of fire and EMS agencies and agencies in the surrounding jurisdictions. With this in place, the agencies will be confident to deal with interoperability situations like use of radio languages for easy communication. Agencies will be able to make use of plain English rather than a system of codes for easy communication with other organizations. The fire and EMS will have an EMS process management to cater for all stake holders.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Fire and EMS Training specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It will also have information and analysis department which deals with analysis of the EMS results. Again it will have a human resource and development department, as well as strategic planning to ensure efficiency. Thomas, John. Determining the fire/EMS training needs in a combined dispatch center. n.d. Web. https://www.usfa.fema.gov/

Nontraditional and Traditional Litigation Paper Essay

Nontraditional and Traditional Litigation Paper - Essay Example It is not in their good will, especially if they lose the case. This can result in loss of customers, which is destructive for the business. It takes years to build reputation, but one dispute brought into the court and published in the newspaper, will prove to be fatal for the organization’s name. Also, the litigation process may, at times, take years to end. Such a long court process requires millions of dollars to be paid as legal fee. This weighs heavily on the organizations’ budgets. Alan Price and HRM Guide Network contributors (2011, para.1) discuss a report, Fight, Flight, or Fact It, which states that â€Å"the average British employee is spending more than two hours a week dealing with conflict. This adds up to the loss of more than 370 million working days a year, costing UK employers more than  £24 billion.† This shows that workplace conflict costs too much even when the cases are not brought into the court. We can imagine what it will cost when law suits are filed, and the dispute takes years to settle down. The regular business operations of the disputed parties also get disturbed. In contrast, Alternative dispute resolutions (ADR) prove to be a more appropriate measure of dispute resolution for business managers. In negotiation, parties try to reach an agreeable solution to resolve the dispute. In arbitration, a third party is chosen to listen to the disputed parties and solve the dispute. This third party, which is also called the arbitrator, belongs to the American Arbitration Association (AAA) or some other arbitration association. Mediation is another fruitful method in which a neutral third party intervention is sought for reconciliation between individuals or groups. Moore (1996, p.15) defines mediation as, â€Å"an intervention †¦ of an acceptable third party who has limited or no authoritative decision-making power but who assists

College Admission Personal Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

College Admission Personal Statement - Essay Example Actually, my math teachers never strived to find out the root cause of my poor performance, rather they readily and ignorantly labeled me with ADD while constantly pressuring me psychologically due to which I earned the reputation of a good-for-nothing student, though I have always got straight A’s and B’s in other subjects. It all changed when I happened to take my first psychology class during which the stark reality of what I actually was meant to be hit me and forced me to change my opinion about myself. Then I realized that I had much to do in my life if only I was allowed to avail the opportunity for studying psychology in UA. I believe I can be a riveting asset as a student to UA because it has been years since I started designing strategies about how students can be encouraged to learn passionately and how wrong judgments and diagnosis made by teachers can horrendously influence the students psychologically who may have the capacity to perform well but their tal ents get marred by the personality-distorting critical

Community and Traditional Policing Research Paper

Community and Traditional Policing - Research Paper Example However, community policing is seeking strategic integrations of the police operations with the entire mission of the police department, with an aim of fostering a practical deterrence of crime (Scheider 1). Nevertheless, the paper will compare traditional and community policing, identify both benefits and limitations of the strategies, and identify the ranks responsibilities in the implementation process of these strategies. In the next section of the paper, the SARA model of policing will be explored while identifying the operational strategies through the implementation process in the police department, and finally, discuss opinions on community policing and effects on the police department operations. Comparing Community and Traditional Policing The responsibility of partnership and sharing of crucial information among the law enforcement agencies has been emphasized by traditional policing, at the state, local, and federal level. In fact, information concerning a suspected crimi nal can be shared among different law enforcement agencies in order to facilitate the process of arrest. On the other hand, community policing focuses on supporting a wider range of communication among the police departments concerning effective resolution to problems caused by cases of crime. Moreover, it seeks an expansion of the relationship among the law enforcement agencies, which entail not-for-profit organizations, businesses, media, members of the community and nongovernmental law enforcement agencies (Maguire and Wells, 5). Therefore, the partnership entails involvement of various parties and sharing of crime and necessary information with different groups, instead of focusing on the development of practical remedies to the problems faced by members of the community. The foundation of police departments is based on activities of traditional policing, though these operations are not similar to community policing. In fact, community policing focuses on a different perspective , though modification and alteration of the changes concerning the perspectives of traditional policing. Therefore, these activities make a substantial contribution to the advancement of community policing philosophies, which increases the capacity of enhancing the services offered by the police department. On the other hand, community policing is supporting application of strategies that facilitate rapidity in responding to crime situations. However, decrease in time consumed in responding to a crime does not guarantee chances of arrest for prevention of crime. In fact, community policing facilitates the determination of the public and police department in increasing the rapidity in responding to the distress calls based on their nature, thereby matching the expectations of their policies. Moreover, the police are encouraged to increase the way in which victims of crime can report various incidences such as application of online coverage systems or volunteers to collect these repor ts. Therefore, community-policing focuses on increasing the effort, through which strategic response can be developed in situations of crime. In traditional policing, there are chances of increasing the frequency of arrests in cases of crime, which is considered a solution to crime related problems in the society. In fact, these arrests are significant to the police department, though they are not considered effective ways of solving problems in the community, due to consideration of other offences that fail to result to an arrest. Benefits and Shortcomings of these strategies One benefit of applying community policing is a reduction of fear associated with crime in the society, whereby there is increased presence of police officers in the residential areas; thus,

Design History Of The Chair Cultural Studies Essay

Design History Of The Chair Cultural Studies Essay For an insight into the history of design, it is no better place to start than by looking at the everyday object, the Chair. A chair is a piece of furniture that often goes unnoticed, yet really is essential to everyday living. It is generally taken for granted and not recognised for its valuable contribution to our lives. Many aspects, social, cultural, aesthetics, technologies etc can be seen through the evolution of Chair design. In this essay, I shall be looking at three different designers and their designs, particularly the function, form, use of materials, intended market and production methods. The first designer was Michael Thonet (1796-1871) Thonet was born in Germany (then called Prussia) His life began at the start of the industrial revolution. He did an apprenticeship in cabinet making in his hometown and shortly afterwards began experimenting with veneers and bentwood. Maybe it was significant that he was born around the time of the revolution, as he is certainly a good example of that period, as he formed a massive company that is recognised as a leading force in mass production. His Factory designed by himself, was very close to a beech wood forest, many other designers used wood that was flat, with lots of joints but Thonet had managed to perfect his designs by using the beech wood in a new and revolutionary bending method. He went on to use wood veneers, glueing lots together so they were flexible. He was known for his experiments to help him and this meant that he was able to go on to be one of the first designers in mass production. His chair was the first in flat pack furniture to be assembled at home by the buyer. The chair was designed to be cheap , strong and light and a good sturdy chair to sit . In the home it would have been used in the kitchen and living room. The intended market would have been to the middle and lower classes as it was a widely available cheaper chair. It was a mass produced chair and by 1900 an estimated 40 million chairs had been produced. My second Designer was Charles Rennet Mackintosh (1868-1928) Born in Glasgow he was an architect, designer and artist, is today celebrated internationally as one of the most significant talents of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.   At the age of 16 he became an apprentice to John Hutchinson. He also began attending evening classes at the Glasgow School of Art and met fellow artist Margaret MacDonald, who eventually became his wife. They were both members of the collaborative group known as The Four, prominent members of the Glasgow School Movement. Mackintosh became a partner of the firm Honeyman Keppie in 1903. However, at the turn of an economic hardship in 1913, Mackintosh left the firm Honeyman Keppie to open his own practice. After unsuccessfully trying to establish his own practice, he dedicated his time to landscape painting in France. Mackintosh returned to England in 1927 for treatment of tongue and throat cancer. He died in London in 1928. Designed by Charles Rennie Mackintosh in 1903 Black Ladder Back Chair Mackintosh was one of the leading exponents in the Arts Crafts Movement and one of the leading representatives of Art Nouveau in Scotland. The chair itself was a component of a house designed The Hill House and was actually not meant to sit on. The fact that the back of the chair is a long way over your head does add to the fact that it reassembles in my opinion a throne. Everything seems right about this chair: proportions, materials style. The chair was a one of design for the hill house to match the high ceilings in the house . the chair was not designed to be sat on but as a piece of art its self and as a decorative piece. The designer used would for the frame of the chair and upholstery for the seat . It was designed and built for ww Blackie the owner of the hill house . The chair still sits in the hill house bedroom. My third designer to look at was Charles and Ray Eames, they are the most important American designers of this century. Charles Eames was born in 1907 in St. Louis, Missouri. He attended school there and developed an interest in engineering and architecture. He later extended his design ideas beyond architecture and received a fellowship to Cranbrook Academy of Art in Michigan, where he eventually became head of the design department. Ray Kaiser Eames was born in Sacramento. She studied painting with Hans Hofmann in New York before moving on to Cranbrook Academy where she met and assisted Charles. Charles and Ray married in 1941 and moved to California. In 1946, Evans Products began producing the Eamess moulded plywood furniture. Their moulded plywood chair was called the chair of the century by the influential architectural critic Esther McCoy. Eames Lounge Chair, 1956 Designed in 1956 this icon of 20th century design created by the Eames to provide a modern alternative to traditional club chairs. Since its debut in 1956, the chair and ottoman have been continuously produced by Herman Miller (A leading global provider of office furniture) According to  Charles Eames, design is simply a plan for arranging elements in such a way as to best accomplish a particular purpose. The chair was designed to be a relaxing comfortable chair . and in Charles Eames own words a special refuge from the strains of modern living.. The first chair was a originally a gift for Billy wilder. The chair is also specially designed so that it can take all the weight of your lower spine helping you relax even more . And putting your feet up on the ottoman helps restore blood circulation after a hard days work. The materials used are natural wood such as natural cherry, walnut and santos palisander a rich grainy veneer. The chair is still very popular and is seen in many styl ish interiors. Conclusion An insight into the past can be seen all around us, but the chair, an item so important to us, from the plastic mass produced ones you see in fast food chain shops to our old comfortable armchairs, they all hold so much more information about the history of design. From the early designs and experimenting by Michael Thonet and his way of making bent wood chairs and furniture it would be hard to think that Charles Eames would have been able to go on to design his Lounge Chair. Then with Charles Eames designs and advances in production techniques and mass marketing of chairs it has become possible for everyone to have a classic piece of design history in their home or office. Or even own a reproduction of Charles Mackintoshs Ladder Back Chair for very little costs. The type of chair that someone chooses for their home can in say a lot about them. Victorian styles show that a person prefers the older styles. Art Deco has bright colours and geometric shapes. With most people, the most important factor to consider when choosing a chair other than the colour or style is comfort. If someone was suffering from back problems, for example they might require a designer to design a chair to suit their needs. When someone chooses a modern chair design for the office or in his or her home it says there forward thinkers, with modern tastes. So for an everyday object to so often go unnoticed is a shame, the chosen design and style of chair someone chooses can say allot more and can be I think a very good illustration of their personality.

Advertising to 40+ Women :: Essays Papers

Advertising to 40+ Women We here at More feel it is time to change the representation of older women in the world of advertising, starting first with our own publication. In order to find answers to the problem of women over 40 lacking a voice and presence in magazine advertisements, we have enlisted the help of several advertising agencies. Each company was asked to devise a unique plan of action to better included mature women in our ads. The following three advertising agencies—GSD&M, Kaplan Thaler, and Dimassimo—have been selected because their individual approaches to our dilemmas were most successful in their accurate portrayal of older women. So read on and discover how these creative advertisers were able to not only solve our advertising problem, but also how they were able to expand and diversify our world of advertising by including people that look and think like you. Over the last few decades, there has been a significant rise in the number of women receiving college educations and a decrease in gender discrimination due to federal law. These two societal factors have helped the average woman to attain a higher paying job than ever before in our history. Presently, women are earning over half of all accounting degrees, 4 out of 10 law degrees, and just about that many medical degrees (Krotz 1). Therefore this gender group, which makes up about half of the American population, has a lot of monetary power. As a result, when women reach the peak of their earning power, they will have money to burn (Krotz 1). Women reach this peak around the age of 40 or older. In the last year alone, of all the women who purchased a new car, 53% were over 40 and so were 60% of those who bought new computers (Quinlan53). Evidently, the majority of buyers are older women. So why then is there a noticeable lack of this age group of women in magazine advertiseme nts? This is due to the simple fact that â€Å"there’s an 18-34 demographic desirability locked into corporate America’s mindset† (Quinlan 53). As a CEO of an advertising agency, Mary Quinlan can identify very well with the lack of mature women in the media. She relates to us, â€Å"I’ve sat in too many casting sessions where I’d hear, ‘We need one older woman to round out these models.

Government Role Essay

The main role of the executive is to preform leadership like duties such as carrying out leadership roles, ceremonial roles, and preforming symbolic. The leadership role demand formulating, articulating, and implementing goals of the political system. The effective chief executive becomes the spokesperson for the people, attempts to invigorate the people’s support for these goals, and then develops strategies that ease their accomplishment. For the most part the chief executive takes the initiative in a policy form. The executive policy leadership is very crucial during times of crisis, because the executive structure has the potential for a level of coherence and consent of action, which is almost always lacking in legislature. In most political systems the chief executive officer has the power to veto the legislation that the legislature initiates, which may be directly or indirectly. The actors in the executive role usually function as the unifying symbol of the entire soci ety, becoming the lead figurehead for the people. The executive presence becomes a central to many of society’s ceremonies and rituals. In the majority of all political systems the executive has the primary responsibility for implementing the laws and policies of political order. Most systems have an executive cabinet in where each member is directly and personally responsible for some of the major areas of administration. However they are supposed to set a broad set of guidelines for policy and implementation and responsibility for any major mishaps that occur. In parliament for examples, the minster of a department will usually resign if there is a serious shortcoming in his or her area of responsibility. The chief executive must set policy and supervise the organization and utilization of the state’s military capabilities, which is a task that can have the most serious consequences for the security, and well being of the society. Along with this comes the supervision of foreign affairs that involves a complicated pattern of meeting officials from other states and deal with national dealings with other nations usually showing some form of cooperation. The British government and the United States government are different in many aspects but yet share many similarities. A prime minister who handles the majority of the executive responsibilities mainly holds Britain’s executive, and of curse the king or queen handles ceremonial responsibilities like a figurehead would. However the United States has a fused executive system in where the president handles both the  head of state and the head of government roles. 2. Democracy has a wide range of meanings, but true direct democracy is a government of and by the people. An alternative concept in which it is pretty clear is representative democracy. This is a system in which the citizens elect people to represent them in the political aspect of things and to express the values on their behalf of society. Another general term to describe this democracy is a republic even though not all republics are democratic and not all democrats are republicans. Electoral democracy is defined as a political system in where all citizens periodically vote in order to elect political leaders in their society. It also seems important to establish that the people have the power to retain or reject those serving as their political leaders. This additional condition, called the limited mandate, means that the electorate grants the authority to rule for only a short fixed period of time, and then the electorate has the opportunity to elect their representatives again. Meaning that if the political leaders do not gain sufficient votes the political leaders will voluntarily resign office. We can also classify a political system called liberal democracy when citizens enjoy not only electoral democracy but also substantial political rights and civil liberties regarding participation, personal freedoms, and oppositions. The United States is considered to have some like similarities in this regard for the notion that its citizens enjoy the freedoms and rights that come along with voting and individual values. A non-democracy is a concept by with all major decisions especially with those that deal with the state is handled by the person or political group in charge of the state in that time. One conventional concept used to define non democracies is a dictatorship. A definition of a dictator might be a ruler with absolute power and authority. Dictatorship may be further defined as the absence of a limited mandate- a critical factor in the definition of democracy. That is, the citizens of that state have no power to remove the person in office or political leadership period. This government type is often time seen as harsh to its citizens and harsh. Totalitarianism, which is a political system that the allocation of values and its control penetrate into almost every aspect of its citizen’s every day lives. The totalitarian political system demands complete obedience to its extensive  rules in culture, economics, religion, and most of all morality. All organizations are subordinated to the totalitarian state. Every activity is under scrutiny by the state in the name of the public interest. The state might define what is ok to watch or be produce in a movie, what acceptable to say in the media, and It even has acceptable behaviors and thoughts for its people. Another concept that falls under the category of non-democratic is Authoritarian regimes. Many authoritarian regimes such as dictatorships lack empowerment. What really distinguish authoritarianism are the political actions and decisions of the ruler, while the political rights and freedoms of the people are significantly limited. In other words under authoritarianism the population has very minimal political rights. An authoritarian regime places many severe restrictions on the activities of individuals and groups who advocate the people on the actions of the political system. The great majority of the populations are not allowed to participate in any political activities except in ways that expressly encouraged by the regime such as mass rallies and speeches. Citizens of such places are not allowed to question th e political intuitions, procedures, or public policies of an authoritarian regime. 3. There are a few different types of states, first there is the unitary state and then there is central government, which holds all legislative power. While the central government has indivisible sovereignty, it can delegate power or functional responsibilities to territorial units, which have names such as department or regions. These peripheral governments serve only at the convenience of the central government, which can revoke their power or functions at any given time. The majority of all citizens tend to identify with the country as a whole, rather than with regional authorities as they should. A federation is divided constitutionally and functions between a central government and the set of regional governments. On the other hand to a unitary state, there is an explicit sharing of power among the levels of government in a federation, and no level has legal power to dominate any other level in all policy domains. There are five major rationales that make up a federation: large size, prior existence of strong states, desire to create unity or accommodate diversity, the desire to concentrate power and resources, and the desire to disperse political power. A federation can be established to prevent the over centration of power in the central government. A confederation is an association in which states delegate some power to a supranational central government but retain primary power. Confederations emphasize on economic cooperation and or military cooperation’s. It is a loose grouping of states in which each state’s involvement membership, and compliance with the central government are conditional depending on the state’s perception of its own national interest.

Philippines: No Other Place But Up

The Philippines is considered one of the fastest growing economies in Southeast Asia. As of 21st century, the country is a member in several international organizations’ including the APEC, Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) and World Trade Organization (WTO). In addition the Philippines also have a lot of trading partners and trade agreements. Though, the Philippines have suffered negative balance of trade for many years. In January of 2013, the Balance of Trade for the Philippines registered a deficit of $714 million from $1. 10 billion deficit in the same period last year. This was due to the 8. 0 percent downward trend of total imports from $5. 134 billion to $4. 725 billion in January 2013. Furthermore, the country’s total merchandise imports for January 2013 declined by 8. 0 percent compared to same month a year ago from $5. 134 billion to $4. 725 billion. Accounting for 24. 4 percent of the aggregate import bill, payments for Electronic Products in January 2013 amounted to $1. 150 billion. Imports of Mineral Fuels, Lubricants and Related Materials in January 2013 ranked second with 19. percent share and posted the highest negative annual growth rate of 30. 0 percent among the top ten imports for January 2013. This shows that the Philippines trade deficit has narrow. Under the new Aquino administration, the government plans to open up the country to more foreign investment in industries such as business processing operations, mining and tourism. The Philippines liberalizing its trade can attract many foreign investors that can open many doors of opportunities to the Philippines citizens. With countries investing more in the Philippines there would be many job openings that will be a great help to support the welfare of the people. Though, the Philippines can also suffer, due to the Philippines accepting the investment of other country their products would also be sold in our local market that can weakened the demand for our local products. In addition because factories would also be established in the Philippines territory the waste from those factories can affect our environment. In 2010, the Philippines have acquired debt totaling to US$60. 048 million dollars. With that like any other government the budget that is supposed to be for education, health, agriculture and other development program of the Philippines is being spent to pay those debt. A great hindrance for the country’s sustainable development because those money are properly use in investing in the welfare of the Filipinos and not through paying the debt are country have the dependency of the citizens to the government may lessen. If the government would spend more money to the education of the youth in the Philippines they would be able to find easily or create their own welfare. But we should not forget that the Philippines will not attain sustainable development just focusing on one sector. Philippines should also ensure to strengthen its funding in the health sector of the country, because without a healthy body how can we study and work. Given these reasons the Philippines is losing so much money that can help the Filipinos welfare. A report conducted by Moody’s Investor service, they reported that the Philippines credit rating has risen from two notches to just one notch. With a new rating from Moody’s Investor Service, the Philippines expects to make the last step toward investment grade soon says Remo. Moody's said the improved assessment of the creditworthiness of the Philippines was based on its healthy pace of growth, improving fiscal performance of the national government, stable banking sector and projected ability to keep a robust pace of economic expansion over the medium term. Purisima noted that Moody's decision was the ninth positive action that the Philippines got from various credit rating agencies since President Aquino took office in 2010. Moody's said the latest credit rating of the Philippines, which applies to debts denominated in local and foreign currencies, was assigned a â€Å"stable† outlook. With the reserves, higher than the combined foreign debts of private firms and government entities, the Philippines can pay debts to foreign creditors as they come due. The rise of the peso and the decline in interest rates, both of which are credited for improved investor sentiment, helped cause the decline in the government's debt stock over the years, according to finance officials. The upgrade in credit rating came following the 10-notch jump in ranking from 76th to 66th out of 144 countries by the Philippines in the global competitiveness report that the World Economic Forum released last month. Even though the Philippines were able to acquire these outcomes the Philippines should not relax. The government must ensure that we won’t repeat history again as what happened to Thailand that brought forth the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997. Foreign Investors should not suddenly back out from their investment like what happened to Thailand. Given these the government must also ensure that local produce from the country should not be completely ousted by foreign products from the country’s import because it may be a hindrance to the Filipinos instead of it helping them. Lastly, the government should also take measure on the country’s environment not just the country’s economy. Foreign direct investments (FDI) breached the $2-billion mark last year, the first time it did so in the past five years, the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) reported yesterday. FDI register a net inflow of $2. 033 billion last year, up by almost 10 percent from $1. 52 billion the previous year. â€Å"The country continued to benefit from strong foreign investors' confidence in the resilience of the domestic economy, given strong economic growth amid low and stable inflation as well as strong external payments dynamics,† the BSP said in a statement. Figures showed this segment reversed to a net outflow of $373 million last year from a net inflow of $311 million. The Aquino administration targets reaching investment grade this year in a bid to lower debt interest payments and attract more foreign investors to the country. Though the Philippines benefits from TNC’s there is also the other side of the coin. Many Filipino workers for these TNC’s tend to exploited by not paying them the right amount of wage and not providing them sss, health care and other worker’s needs. Also as I always say the government should not endangered the Philippines environment just to make our economy stable this in regards in our trade agreement with Japan. The Philippines continues to rank relatively higher in human development than other ASEAN member countries and is also making progress in the attainment of the millennium development goals (MDGs). The National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) cited the 2013 Human Development Report of the United Nations Development Program ranking the Philippines 114 among 187 countries, with a medium Human Development Index (HDI) at 0. 654 as of 2012. Wherein, the country is enjoying a satisfactory result of the literacy rate in the Philippines with 97. 8 % of the youth were able to read and write as of 2008. In addition access to clean water in rural area where almost 92 % percent indicating that almost all Filipinos were able to drink clean water. In 2010 it is recorded that the life expectancy of the Filipinos is 69 years old. The government war able to achieve these feet because of the good governance our current government is implementing. A good example for this is P-NOY’s action in eradicating corrupt officials like former Chief Justice Corona removal and former Pres. Arroyo pending case. With the government’s money being used properly to aid those in need. The good name left by former Pres. Corazon Aquino and the governance his son is showing foreign investors tend to invest in the Philippines. To conclude, even though the Philippines is somehow at its peak in attaining a stable economy. We should still be careful on trade agreements we sign because a lot of these more beneficial to our counterpart in the agreement. Though it provides the Philippines job openings we also acquire imports that endangers our local produce. Also for the Philippines to continue on going up the marginalized sector should also be able to feel it, because with foreign investor investing on things most likely only the rich can afford how would the marginalized people appreciate those investment. That’s when the marginalized people benefited from these investment I can say that the Philippines has reached sustainable development.

Marijuana- Yes or No essays

Marijuana- Yes or No essays Should the Nation Try to Smoke the Pain Away? Marijuana (a.k.a. pot, weed, Mary Jane, bud, ganja, grass, smoke, dank, green) Marijuana has many bad effects on the body. Although a user cannot become physically addicted to marijuana, he/she may become psychologically dependent on the drug. Also, a person driving under the influence of marijuana is a danger to themselves and others. Mental breakdown can also occur if weed is smoked like mad. Marijuana is also known as a gateway drug. It often leads to use of more dangerous drugs. Many people often abuse this drug. If marijuana were legalized, many people would take advantage of this, and use it excessively. Marijuana is a "gateway" drug. Even if legal, it would lead to the use of more dangerous drugs. When arrested for possession of marijuana, the possessor gets put into rehabilitation centers, which use our tax money! There are supposed legitimate reasons that marijuana should be legalized. One of these is lawful medical use of the drug. It is said that it can help cancer, AIDS, and glaucoma patients. However, no other drug prescribed is smoked. New findings show that marijuana is somewhat harmful to AIDS and cancer patients because the active ingredient in marijuana slightly reduces the bodies white blood cells which fight off infections. After many years of research of marijuana, there has been no hard proof that it can be used as a medicine. No scientific proof has been found! The Federal Government tries to stop the use of marijuana. Government agencies spend millions of dollars every year to try and get rid of marijuana. The amount of money they spend is increasing, however the use of marijuana is also. Their goal was to inflate prices so less people would purchase the drug, but the opposite has been happening. Although, fair cases can be fought that marijuana has a reason to be legal, it should stay illegal. Because of t ...

Implementing Total Predictive Maintenance Essay

Implementing Total Predictive Maintenance - Essay Example It appeared that manufacturers with efficient and effective equipments where enjoying a competitive advantage over others. Traditional methods used by technicians were being labeled as passive and non-productive. The manufactures did not take long in realizing that proper maintenance management and control of machines and equipment have a stronger and direct relationship with organizational performance and productivity. This was the time when the concept of â€Å"Total Productive Maintenance (TPM)† (Seng, Jantan & Ramayah, 2005) appeared on the scene aiming at improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the equipment by using the skills and abilities of the human resource of the organization. The ultimate target is to improve the â€Å"Overall Equipment Efficiency (OEE) and reach to the level of Zero Defects and Zero Breakdown† (Seng, Jantan & Ramayah, 2005). The paper sheds some light on the optimum use of TPM in the Malaysian Manufacturing Industry and some implementation issues. The literature review reveals that the strategies concerning TPM can be divided into Human orientated strategies and Process orientated strategies. Human oriented have three important aspects. ... ing and education is another important factor for the success of TPM because it introduces employees to TPM in a systematic and educated manner, providing them with information before hand and preparing them for the upcoming issues and challenges. Process oriented strategies have their roots in the technical approaches. â€Å"The goal is identify all possible sources of losses and inefficiencies in the equipments due to breakdowns, time loss, shortage of equipments, defects, startup time and others† (Seng, Jantan & Ramayah, 2005). The simple three-point agenda process oriented strategy is to first, find such losses and analyze its causes, second, planning improvements to cope up with losses and third, confirming and building on the results. In short, process oriented strategies put all their energies in creating environments and processes where employees could be provided with an optimal environment to achieve satisfaction and higher productivity, which would ultimately lead t o higher organizational performance. The paper moves on with considering the problem of implementation of TPM in a developing country such as Malaysia (Seng, Jantan & Ramayah, 2005). Despite the fact that its implementation is imperative, at least for the manufacturing industry, however, resistance towards TPM has come from all directions. Non-conductive and unsupportive environments, lack of commitment and dedication from the top management, refusal of employees to take up extra training and responsibilities and others remain important causes marking the failure of TPM. In order to understand various dimensions of this problem, the paper moves forward with a structured survey approach where questionnaires have been used as the research tool. Industrial manufacturers from Northern and Central

Art Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Art - Assignment Example Marilyn was an icon that won the hearts of many American G.I.s much to the dismay of Joe Di Maggio. Visually, half of the dyptich is expressed in bright colors while the other half is black and white to the point if being blurred. Many critics interpreted the dark diptych as the mortality of Marilyn Monroe. Also, the repetitive images represents the ability of technology to command attention or power. Contrastingly, the Mona Lisa is bereft of any technology. It is purely a work of art that depicts a woman who belonged to high-society. Her posture during the painting reflects a woman with breeding and gentle nature. Her face is given emphasis by the contrast of dark colors in the background. Her gaze silently communicates many messages to the viewer. Another comment by Farago ( 2009 ) interprets the placement of Lisa’s hands ( right resting on the left ) as Leonardo’s portrayal of Mona Lisa as woman of virtue and a loyal wife. Andy Warhol also created serigraph prints of Mona Lisa as a way of reducing her popularity and converting her to a popular icon such as Marilyn Monroe. Nevertheless, Mona Lisa cannot be reduced to a modern icon, her tasteful portrait and enigmatic smile has never failed to attract even the harshest critics. Besides, her true nature as Lisa del Giocondo, a wife of a wealthy Florentine silk merchant cannot be denied. However, no matter how differ ent the two artworks maybe, the appeal of the feminine is always used in expressing

LEARNING THROUGH WORK- Compare and contrast Essay

LEARNING THROUGH WORK- Compare and contrast - Essay Example Given the benefits of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in saving lives of people suffering from heart attacks, it has been introduced in different nations. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation was introduced in the autumn of 1983 (Parekh 2005, 20). This essay compares and contrasts nursing roles in the Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for Adult in two countries, Saudi Arabia and Scotland CPR is most effective on as quickly as possible delivery and often should be the last alternative after a patient has not positively responded to all the other first aid measures. Furthermore, the patient should be unconscious, unresponsive, not breathing and not moving. Performing CPR varies from adults, children and infants. These steps guided by drawn rules updated in 2010 to ease the application of these steps. These guidelines are just there to guide the trained officers and further training is required in their application (Tang 2012, 64). In this article however, I emphasize on the role of a nurse in all the steps of administration of CPR. Furthermore, I will make comparison of these roles in two countries believed to offer the CPR method of life (Gordon 1967, 12). Other important factors that might relate to the subject too are aboard. Nurses beat all odds in their professions in preserving life. In CPR administration, there are teams formed to facilitate the easy administration of this process. One of the teams is the Nursing Roles. In the nursing roles, nurses break up responsibilities from head to Nursing Team Leader (habitually senior ward nurse) identifies self as Nursing Team Leader, accountable for co-coordinating and directing evolving nursing care of the patient (Field 209, 95). The leader checks suitable emergency call has been placed and starts regulator as soon as the Emergency trolley rolls in. he delegates accessible staff to roles apposite to their echelon of practice:

Organizing Function of Management Essay Example for Free

Organizing Function of Management Essay The purpose of this paper will be to evaluate the organizing function of management. The organizing function of management develops internal organizational structure. A key role of the organizing function is to address how people interact in various business environments. Management uses organizing activities to allocate resources, define responsibility, establish expectations, and group employees. â€Å"At high-tech firms such as Google that rely on employee skills, knowledge, and creativity to remain competitive, the importance of people is evident as well† (Bate Snell, 1, 2009). Human Resources Management at Google Human resources management is a formal system used to manage people in a business environment (Bate Snell, 2009). Human capital is a source of competitive advantage that is irreplaceable. According to Bate Snell, â€Å"human resource planning occurs in three stages: planning, programming, and evaluating† (2009). Perfecting the art of human resources management can provide strategic value to organizational performance. The Google Company has secured its place as one of the world’s leading employers. Goggles strategy for effective human resources management is providing employees with unparalleled benefits, perks, and opportunities. Lazlo Bock, Google’s vice president of people operations states freedom, curiosity and highly trained employees has forged Google’s success (HR Focus, 2008). Planning requires Google to forecast future job trends based market fluctuations and company growth. In 2005, Google was hiring about â€Å"10 people a day, adding to a workforce of more than 5,000† (Lohr, 2005). Currently, Google employs approximately 20, 000 people with various backgrounds and skills. Closely monitoring economic trends and labor supply forecast allows the company to manage all available resources. The following rules of engagement with employees, outline by Lazlo Bock, have contributed to Goggles effective human resources management. * Hire learners. They are inquisitive, and when they fail, they will ask how they can do better. * Give people the tools and resources to succeed; then let them. * Work on small projects in small teams. * Keep structures flat. Especially as the company gets big, information needs to flow up. * Discuss everything you can publicly. * Give performance-driven raises. This is helpful in controlling turnover and enhancing retention. * Reward success, dont penalize failure. If you dont fail, youre not doing your job well. Quarterly goals are set and performance evaluations are based on these; the company aims for a 70% success rate. Technology at Google Google was founded on the principle of â€Å"organizing the worlds information and make it universally accessible and useful† (Google, 2009). The company original began as a search engine provider. The company quickly expanded products and services to include software, e-mail service, advertising platforms, desktop products, mobile devices, and mapping tools. Google’s list of services and products are too extensive and increasingly expanding. Google’s success can be attribute to the company’s’ expansion of technological services. Google recent advancement has been the development of a new operating system, Chrome, designed to rival its biggest competitors. â€Å"Unlike Windows, Chrome OS is an open-source project like the Linux operating system thats popular with techies, which means outside software developers are welcome to work on it† (Graham, 7, 2009). The release of Chrome OS as a free open source operating system creates competition with Microsoft’s Windows. Google Assets Google’s ability to control the search engine markets has allowed the company to prosper from advertising campaigns. According to Schonfeld, â€Å"of the 137 billion estimated total searches performed in the U.S. last year, 85 billion were done on Google; nearly 90 percent of all the growth in search volume was also captured by Google (2008). Googles profits should spike as the country climbs out of recession â€Å"because the company has weeded out a lot of frivolous expenses during the recession† (Liedtke Girard, 2009). Google went public at $85 dollars a share 2004; current estimates place Google shares at $430 a share (Liedtke Girard, 2009). The statistics indicated that Google has effectively organized companies assets during difficult economic time. Conclusion  Human resources management and technology play a crucial in business success. Google has perfected work environments that keep employees happy and provides the necessary resources to remain competitive as a company. â€Å"David MacDonald, who joined Google as an account manager in October 2001, says, It wasnt groundbreaking search engines had been around for years but it had a different approach and was all about the people (Smith, 6, 2008). Google remains one of the world’s leading companies engrossed in the technological revolution. Much of the organizations success arises from Google’s ability to venture into multiple applications. Google refuses to rely on the company’s search engine capabilities to sustain growth. The ability to adapt to economic demands and competition has facilitated Google’s organizational structure.

Climate Change Impacts On Water Resources Environmental Sciences Essay

Climate Change Impacts On Water Resources Environmental Sciences Essay Scientific records and projections prove the elevated risk of vulnerable freshwater resources being harshly impacted by climate change, with considerable resulting effects, especially for Small Islands Developing States (SIDS) like Mauritius. Adaptation measures to respond to those climatic impacts on water would require an integrated water resources management which includes obtaining the perception of the societys understanding of the issue. This paper aims at analysing the perception of a category of the Mauritian society, namely the working personnel, with regard to awareness as well as understanding of climate change and its impacts on water resources. The results of the study show that the educational level of respondents has an impact on both their awareness and understanding of climate change and the negative effects it has on our water resources. Those findings can be of help to policy-makers engaged in the effective selection and implementation of realistic and targeted wat er-related adaptation measures all throughout the island. Keywords: Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation, Water Resources, Small Islands Developing States, Public Perception, Educational Level. Introduction Climate Change, its Impacts and the Global Response Climate change is viewed by natural scientists as perhaps the preeminent environmental risk confronting the world in the 21st century (Leiserowitz, 2007) and the most debated environmental issue in the political ecology field in the last two decades (Whitanage, et al., 2009). The key source of global warming is generally viewed as being an accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, with resulting greenhouse effect (Yadollahie, 2010). There is much scientific proof of occurrence of considerable global warming, and recent warming, which has already brought alterations in the earths climate, can be attributed to human activities, according to the Royal Society (2005). The undeniable responsibility of human activities in this matter has since 1992 been expressed by the United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) when defining climate change as a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the globa l atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods (UNFCCC, 1992). This analysis is supported by Rosenzweig, et al., (2007) who claim that the consistency of observed significant changes in physical and biological systems and observed significant warming across the globe very likely cannot be explained entirely by natural variability or other confounding non-climate factors. The Royal Society (2005) emphasizes that though projected climate changes will generate both favourable and adverse effects in various sectors ranging from agriculture to human health, larger and faster the changes in climate, the more likely it is that adverse effects will dominate. Along the same line, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides scientific evidence of strong effects of recent climate change on many aspects of both natural and managed systems, with consequent changes in several areas including coastal zones (Rosenzweig, et al., 2007). The IPCC (2007) further explains that projected changes will be in climate variables such as precipitation, temperature, sea level and concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide and emphasizes that impacts of those changes would be felt mainly on coastal systems and low-lying areas, health, freshwater resources and their management, ecosystems, industry, settlement and society, food, fibre and forest products (IPCC. , 2007). Signed in 1992 by virtually all nations of the world as a response to the issue that increase the levels of greenhouse gases are being caused by human activities, the UNFCCC treaty is referred to as being the first agreement to address climate change, with commitments to establish national action plans for voluntary reduction of greenhouse gas emissions to agreed levels, as a start to global warming mitigation (Fletcher and Parker, 2007). Due to the fact that several countries were not being able to reduce their gas emissions, the parties to the UNFCCC treaty moved from voluntary measures to the Kyoto protocol, which establishes legally binding, mandatory emissions reductions (Fletcher Parker, 2007), relevant to 38 developed countries listed in the protocol as Annex 1. The Kyoto protocol, which has been agreed to towards the end of 1997 and has entered into force in February 2005, has been signed and ratified by 187 nations as at November 2009 (UNFCCC, 2009), including more than six ty percent of the developed countries listed at its Annex 1. Those developed countries that have ratified the treaty are bound to implement national measures to lessen their greenhouse gas emissions in addition to making use of three market-based mechanisms introduced in the Kyoto protocol, namely, International Emissions Trading, the Clean Development Mechanism, and Joint Implementation (Bashmakov, et al., 2001). International Emissions Trading implies that signatory Annex 1 countries can trade part of agreed emission quotas among themselves, while in the Clean Development Mechanism, Annex 1 countries can help develop reduced emissions projects within Non Annex 1 countries, explicitly developing countries, to help them attain sustainable development and in return, the helping countries beneficiate from the so generated certified emission reductions. With regard to Joint Implementation, Annex I countries can help to implement reduced emissions project in another Annex I country and thus receive emission reduction units, which can be used by the investor countries to attain the required limitation of emissions (Bashmakov, et al.2001). The Kyoto protocol is seen as a political and a technical failure as well as a symbolically important expression of concern about climate change (Prins and Rayner, 2008), and since the Kyoto Protocol regime expires in 2012, there might be in their point of view only a slender window of opportunity to radically rethink our objectives and operations (Prins Rayner, 2007). Further to the end of the commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, the latest Conference of Parties (COP) to the UNFCCC held in Copenhagen, Denmark in December 2009, included on its agenda a discussion on an international climate agreement, with the Copenhagen Accord as outcome. Though consensus has not been reached at that Copenhagen Summit or COP15, with the Accord being finally not adopted, it is believed that only the future will tell whether that Accord would evolve into a subsequent agreement or arrangement that is sufficiently robust to motivate meaningful action on climate change (Stavins Stowe, 2010). The ab ove cited view is nevertheless not shared by Yadollahie (2010) as he deems the result of the Copenhagen Summit to be disappointing, believing that no significant step has been made, and considers that the whole world now looks forward to the new COP to be held in Mexico at the end of 2010. Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources There are a good deal of scientific records and climate projections to prove the elevated risk of vulnerable water resources being harshly impacted by climate change, with considerable resulting effects. The researchers of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) go further stating that the negative impacts, such as salinisation of coastal aquifers, droughts and floods affecting water quality and exacerbating water pollution, are expected to outweigh the benefits (Bates, et al., 2008). The Need for Adaptation To fight climate change, the UNFCCC (1992) recommends mitigation, with measures to lessen human activities that generate green house gases, and adaptation, which tries to reduce vulnerability to impacts of climate change. Mitigation only is insufficient and thus adaptation is essential given that even if action is being taken now to considerably reduce greenhouse gases, the climate system generally reacts slowly to changes in greenhouse gas concentrations, with further changes in climate being consequently unavoidable (Royalsociety.org, 2005). Stavins and Stowe (2010) highlight the introduction in the Copenhagen Accord of the necessity for developed countries to provide financial and other resources to support adaptation actions in least developed countries, including small islands. Concerning adaptation in regard to the water resources, an integrated water resources management, though still in its early years, is recommended by Bates et al.(2008) as a tool in seeking adaptation measures, subject to reshaping planning processes and the inclusion of the societys views as some of the strategies to ensure implementation success. Climate Change and SIDS Small island developing States (SIDS), of which Mauritius is a member, have numerous problems and specific characteristics that increase their vulnerability, resulting in a situation where adverse effects of climate change and sea-level rise represent the most immediate threats regarding sustainable development (UNDP, 2009). Mauritius is about to experience substantial economic loss, humanitarian stresses and environmental degradation due to climate change impacts such as sea-level rise, increasing temperatures, an increase in the intensity of tropical cyclones and increasingly variable rainfall (UNDP, n.d.) with important sectors most likely to be affected by climate change impacts being coastal resources, agriculture, water resources, fisheries, health, biodiversity, land-use change and forestry. Bates, et al (2008) further observe that under most climate change scenarios, water resources in small islands are likely to be seriously compromised. As a reaction to this critical situation which SIDS are facing, a number of adaptation projects are being implemented, the main one being the National adaptation programmes of action (NAPAs) executed by UN agencies (Graham, 2007).There are also other projects supported by financial institutions and other development assistance agencies. Adaptation costs are very high and are financed for instance by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) Trust Fund, which is recognized by the UNFCCC (2005) as being One of the principal channels of support for small island developing States (SIDS) in the area of climate change. Some more sources of funding are the Special Climate Change Fund (SCCF) whereby Adaptation activities to address the adverse effects of climate change have top priority for funding, the Least Developed Countries Fund (LDCF), and The Adaptation Fund under the Kyoto Protocol, for financing adaptation projects in developing countries that are Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (Graham, 2007). Numerous SIDS have already submitted their NAPA documents to the UNFCCC, wherein the water resources sector is of major importance. Those NAPA documents propose adaptation measures as follows: Improve water harnessing, collection and storage infrastructures by building reservoirs and dams, encouraging use of individual water-saving devices and promoting safe rainwater harvesting through ground catchment and roof catchment systems, Elaboration of decentralized management plans on water production and distribution infrastructures, Elaboration and implementation of legislation and regulation, Design and construction of suitable sewage treatment and disposal systems to safeguard water resources, Establishing modeling maps and an information and monitoring system on water resources, Institutionalization of management system, with the purpose of putting in practice the national politics of the water resources, Reducing leakage in supply systems, Carrying out participatory research on the knowledge of traditional practices of adaptation to the variations of the water cycle. The above list of measures extracted from the UNFCCC database (UNFCCC, 2010a, b, c, d) can be used as a model for proposals of adaptation measures in Mauritius. Regardless of the broad range of adaptation options that could be successfully implemented in the SIDS, some fundamental constraints, categorized by the UNFCCC (2005) in three groups, limit the choices of options and their implementation. These constraints are specifically: insufficient data or information and technical capacity for well-timed and successful adaptation planning, as a starting point for the design of adaptation policies, strategies and programmes; the weakness of current institutions which have to be strengthened for effective implementation of adaptation measures; and insufficient financial resources which will necessitate international assistance with regard to research on less costly adaptation measures (UNFCCC, 2005). Maladaptation, caused by governments underestimating, overestimating or mis-estimating the climate impact (Graham, 2007), is also interpreted as a factor delaying the adaptation process. Climate change, adaptation, and water resources management in Mauritius In Mauritius, the Ministry of Energy and Public Utilities is responsible for implementation of water resources policies, and other organisations operating in the water sector are the Water Resources Unit, the Central Water Authority, the Irrigation Authority and the Waste Water Management Authority, each of them having specific responsibilities defined by existing Mauritian laws regarding water resources (Proag, 2006). The impacts of climate change are already being felt in the island, as evidenced by the recent National Assessment Report prepared by the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development when it reveals that meteorological records clearly indicate the increase of average temperatures, rising sea levels, intermittent heavy rainfall causing flash floods and climate variability that deviate from past patterns. (ROM, 2010). Mauritian water resources are vulnerable to climate change impacts, whereby one example is the risk run by boreholes situated near the Mauritian coasts of being contaminated by saltwater intrusion (UNFCCC, 2005). In line with the pledge of the Mauritian Government in its 2010-2015 programme (2010) regarding climate change, the UNDP is currently implementing a two year project under the Africa Adaptation Program (AAP), aiming at integrating and mainstreaming climate change adaptation into the institutional framework, development policy, strategies and plans of the island. An output of the project is the implementation of climate-resilient policies and measures in priority sectors, inclusive of the water sector (UNDP, n.d.). Accordingly, a working group under the chairmanship of the Water Resources Unit has been set up at the level of the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development, to look into the issue and come up with appropriate policies and measures that integrate climate change adaptation. The Maurice Ile Durable (MID) concept, a national project for sustainable development, also recognizes the negative impact of climate change on our water resources and recommends that the MID i nitiative should serve to increase the preparedness of Mauritius to adapt to climate change as far as possible (UNDP, 2009). Since 2005, several assessments have been conducted to identify appropriate climate change adaptation and mitigation measures which are currently being implemented or in the pipeline (ROM, 2010). The report lists concrete climate related actions that have been or are being taken in the field of : enhancement of climate change and sea level rise monitoring; reduction of GHG emissions through energy efficiency and conservation as well as renewable energy investments; and adaptation projects in the following sectors: Agricultural sector, Commissioning of Midlands Dam for irrigation of the northern plains. Cultivation of drought resistant cultivars and trash blanketing of sugarcane fields. Investment in hydroponics, protected cultures. Improved livestock housing. Coastal zone; Land use change and forestry; and Water resources sector: a. An integrated plan for water resources development up to year 2040 has been prepared. b. Surface water storage has been increased and new projects in pipeline include construction of dams at Bagatelle and Rivià ¨re des Anguilles. c. Existing storage dams and feeder/irrigation canals have been rehabilitated to minimize seepage losses. d. Capacity of potable water treatment plants has been extended. Ongoing public awareness campaigns on water saving. The report also highlights the emphasis that the Mauritian Government has laid on sensitization and awareness raising of the general public, through holding of regular sensitization and awareness campaigns for various target groups , as well as the publication of resource materials and broadcasting of regular programmes on television and radio. Apart from the State, non-governmental projects are also carried out, such as one project funded by GEF Small Grants Programme for period 2005-2006 and carried out by Environmental Protection Conservation Organisation (EPCO) in coastal villages, with the aim of raising awareness about climate change science and working with local community to understand the impact of climate change, to identify vulnerability, prepare and implement adaptation plan (GEF, 2006). The implementation of the above project included a vulnerability assessment exercise in four coastal villages whereby water scarcity was identified as a key element affecting livelihood (World Water Forum, [WWF], 2009). Another aim of the project was to secure better quality and quantity of water in these villages, through education and training, awareness and preparedness as well as community-participation (WWF, 2009).One of the several findings of the project is that the public should be encouraged to change lifestyle so as t o minimize utilization of water (WWF, 2009). Public perception as a tool for effective implementation of adaptation measures Understanding public perception is a key element in raising awareness and motivating behavioral changes in the population (Breton, et al., 2008). Lorenzoni and Pidgeon (2006, cited in Sola, et al., 2008), further insist on the fact that To ignore the values and attitudes of the public when deciding on the management of climate risk may lead to problematic situations. Globally, the study of public perception on climate change is of major importance nowadays. International studies mention that majorities believe that the worlds climate is changing (Poortinga, et al., 2006) and citizens concern for climate change is growing (Leiserowitz, 2007). A study of public perceptions on climate change and adaptation in Sri Lanka even concludes that keeping local communities out of climate business will create unnecessary damage (Whitanage, et al., 2009). At local level, some studies have been carried out involving public perception in the water resources sector. Focusing on the perception of Mauritians towards domestic water as a product of consumption, Sowdagur (2006) finds that a great majority of Mauritians are not willing to pay more and thus recommends that this fact be considered when deciding on water tariff policies. The study carried out by Madhoo (2006) estimates the budgetary impact of higher willingness to pay for residential water and demonstrates that as long as lower prices are allocated to low income groups, it would be politically feasible to charge higher prices, while in his works on awareness of water distribution costs, Proag (2007) concludes that not knowing the basic factors involved in producing and distributing water leads to people having a wrong perception about its cost and value. The role of education in climate change awareness and understanding With regard to environmental education, Potter (2010) believes that it is a critical tool for engaging the public, especially with the recent and strong focus on global warming and climate change. He thus suggests that new and more systemic environmental education legislation might be considered, together with substantive increases in funding for national-level grants, educator training, and research initiatives and broadening the scope of strategic-level conversations to include sectors beyond the education community. A study carried out at the Rice University in USA recommends that although the subject of climate change is cared for by schools solely in classrooms and in a passive manner without related project work, discussions of solutions should be integrated with the science, to provide a broader picture and to prevent students from becoming disengaged and fatalistic (Johnson, 2009). Another study undertaken regarding the role of higher education as change agent for sustainability wraps up by saying that institutions of higher education can be considered a stakeholder group with significant potential influence on society through many different mechanisms ( Stephens et al., 2008). The same stand is adopted in the UK whereby a study performed in September 2008 to assess the current state of knowledge and understanding of the issues faced by the surveying profession with regard to climate change impact reveals that around 50 per cent of graduates considered that there was no, or little reference to the issue sustainability and the effects of climate change in their own programmes. The study concludes that Whilst no one is suggesting that climate change should replace topics in existing syllabuses, based on the scientific evidence, it should be an integral part of any decision related to the built environment in order to achieve social, economic and environmental sustainability.(Dent and Dalton, 2010). Regarding the role of the Hawaiian university with regard to climate change mitigation, a research done in 2008 highlights that Universities are uniquely positioned within the climate change dialogue to act as resources for multi-disciplinary regional and global climate research, provide outstanding public education and outreach with credible and current information, and to serve as models of institutional and behavioral change.(Coffman, 2008). This paper summarises the perception of the working personnel on climate change, focusing on the target populations awareness as well as understanding of the climate change problem and its impacts on local water resources. The study highlights that education level is a key factor influencing the level of awareness and understanding of respondents. The findings of this study may help policy makers to better design more effective adaptation measures specific to safeguarding the islands water resources against climate change impacts and which would be understood by the Mauritian working personnel as well as receive their full support.